Theories Of Crime Strain, Social Control And Life Course

Chapter 7: Radicalizing Orthodox Theories of Crime: Strain, Social Control and Life Course Strain theory is described as the cause of crime due to the social class or environment in which a person grows up in. In our society, people strive to obtain wealth, education, materialistic possessions and power. Due to the environment lower social class people are born into, they are unable to obtain these aspirations through legal means. Feelings of frustration lead to strain and can cause these people to resort to external and illegal means to obtain these resources or lead them to abusing drug substances in an effort to feel better. Although strain is prevalent in lower income classes, it can also be found within corporations. When corporate profits and CEO salaries are soaring it’s difficult to understand why powerful people will commit crimes. With their companies producing at an excessive rate they are expected to continue increasing their profits. This can create their own specific strain to match present earnings. The fall out of their crimes leads to an even deep strain on their workers because they are worked harder and harder for less pay. With increased labor and decreased salaries they become unable to afford the products they are even producing. Race and gender in context to corporate crime is extremely disproportionate as well. The overall majority of people accused of corporate crimes are not the minorities or females but prevalently white men. This calls intoShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Crime And Crime1027 Words   |  5 Pagesthat people analyze crime has evolved throughout history and h as many different forms. Today, I am going to briefly explain some of the different theories that are used to study the subject of crime and criminality. What I will be evaluating these theories against will be small scale property crime such as theft. Anomie theory states that with the idea of the American dream and economic success that the stress created by not meeting the â€Å"American Dream† standard creates strain (Merton, 2013). AdditionallyRead MoreWhy People Commit The Crime Essay1538 Words   |  7 PagesCriminological theory is the explanation of criminal behavior, as well as the behavior of juveniles, attorneys, prosecutors, judges, correctional personnel, victims, and other actors in the criminal justice process. Criminological theory is important because most of what is done in criminal justice is based on criminological theory, whether we or the people who propose and implement policies based on the theory know it or not. In criminology, examining why people commit the crime is very importantRead MoreEssay on Theories of Crime and Criminal Activity1488 Words   |  6 PagesTheories of Crime and Criminal Activity Every theory of crime has at least 2-3 meta-theoretical levels above it. The fundamental issues are usually addressed at the approach level, and are often called the assumptions, or starting points, of a theory, although the term assumptions more strictly refers to the background or domain boundaries one can draw generalizations about. Above the approach level is the Perspective level, the largest unit of agreement within a scientific community, andRead MoreTheories of Criminal Behavior Essay examples1239 Words   |  5 Pagesboth the strain and control theories one must factor into their analysis the sub-categories of each theory and how they contribute to the overall spectrum of crime, punishment, and social control. The following evaluation consists of those evaluations that consist of the varying forms of both the strain and control theories of crime; including the strengths and weaknesses of each standpoint, the empirical validity of each, and the overall ramifications for crim e prevention. Strain Theories FrustrationRead MoreThe Theory And General Strain Theory1262 Words   |  6 PagesA theory is described, as an idea or set of ideas generally intended to explain, to prove facts or events. Theory can be an idea that is suggested or presented as possibly true, that is not an ideas that relates to a particular subject (Merriam-Webster, 2015). Theory is an explanation of something. Theories in criminal behavior explains why an individual commits criminal and delinquent acts. This paper will compare and contrast two theories of crime or criminal activities that was discuss in thisRead MoreSocial Disorganization839 Words   |  4 PagesSOUTHERN CARIBBEAN MARACAS ROYAL ROAD, MARACAS, ST. JOSEPH Social Disorganization An assignment Presented in Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Course SOCI 325 JUVENILE DELINQUENCY INSTRUCTOR: Mr.Lloyd Johnson By Tekeisha Charles 9th February 2016 Approval............................ Question 1 Why is the social disorganization theory for the most part, relegated to specific areas in the society? Social disorganization is defined as an inability of communityRead MoreCreating Age Graded Theory And Anomie Theory998 Words   |  4 PagesCombining age-graded theory and anomie theory would help explain criminality by using more variables that have been proven reliable. Merton s theory created in the 1930s is ‘incomplete’ (Messner, Rosenfeld, 2006) and life-course may help complete this theory. Anomie factors affect a person in adolescents differently than a person in adulthood, this is why adapting life course with anomie can be helpful. Merton states his view of biological variables, â€Å"It provides no basis for determining the non-biologicalRead MoreAtlanta Child Murders1556 Words   |  7 Pagesstopped on that bridge. Rational choice theory is predicated on the idea that crime is a matter of choice in which a potential criminal weighs the cost of committing an act against the potential benefits that might be gained (Siegel, 2011, p. 84). James Q. Wilson expands on this decision in his book Thinking About Crime, stating that â€Å"people who are likely to commit crime are unafraid of breaking the law because they value the excitement and thrills of crime, have a low stake in conformity, and areRead MoreTheories And Rehabilitation Of The Criminological Theory Book By Frank Williams IIi And Marilyn D. Mcshane Essay862 Words   |  4 PagesCriminological theory paper: Ch.14 theories and Rehabilitation Chapter 14 of the Criminological Theory book by Frank Williams III and Marilyn D. McShane is dedicated to Contemporary theories of Process. Contemporary theories of process in this chapter include general strain theory, self-control theory and developmental life course theory. These three theories focus on â€Å"the importance of factors in early life† (Williams McShane 2014 Page 204). I believe the theories that are reviewed in this chapterRead Morecriminology paper1699 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Strain Theory in Relation to Crime Strain causes people to act against the law, breaking laws to attain their means. Merton’s theory on strain and anomie provides us with reasons for why the offender committed the crime break and enter. Merton’s strain theory shows us that the offender understood the norms of society but could not attain the means of it, he needed money go back to his girlfriend who was out west. Merton’s theory states that an individual who is lacking in social forms is more

The For Classification Purposes Are Listed As Middle...

There is an immediate indication on the back cover of Theresa Alfaro-Velcamp’s So far from Allah, So close to Mexico that this is field-altering scholarship—the general topics of the book for classification purposes are listed as Middle Eastern Studies and Latin American Studies. The equating of these two Area Studies topics promises a re-examination of traditional approaches to the scholarship that exists on the Middle East and Latin America. This work is a valuable contribution to the growing number of works that link these two world areas not usually studied together and that strive to deepen our understanding of a world order too-often reduced to facile categorizations such as East/West or the developed world versus the developing world. A truer understanding of the world system is provided by studying issues such as international migration. This issue and others like it complicate a more basic understanding of the world which has gained much currency of late. Alfar o- Velcamp’s So far from Allah directly challenges approaches to international affairs that result in an ‘us versus them’ framework. So far from Allah helps us better understand the history of Middle East migration to Mexico. It covers the period from the end of the nineteenth century, when this migration began, to the present. Alfaro-Velcamp’s sources include immigrant registration cards, Mexican immigration laws, citizen complaints about Middle Easterners, immigrant community-based publications, U.S.Show MoreRelatedDimensionalizing Cultures. the Hofstede Model in Context11051 Words   |  45 Pagesaggregation; it describes the six entirely different dimensions found in the Hofstede et al. (2010) research into organizational cultures. It warns against confusion with value differences at the individual level. It concludes with a look ahead in what the study of dimensions of national cultures and the position of countries on them may still bring. This article is available in Online Readings in Psychology and Culture: http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/orpc/vol2/iss1/8 Hofstede: Dimensionalizing Cultures:Read MoreChapter 2 Worldwide Accounting Diversity18181 Words   |  73 Pagesdiversity that exists in accounting internationally. †¢ Explain the problems caused by accounting diversity. †¢ Describe the major environmental factors that influence national accounting systems and lead to accounting diversity. †¢ Describe a judgmental classification of countries by financial reporting system. †¢ Discuss the influence that culture is thought to have on financial reporting. †¢ Describe a simplified model of the reasons for international differences in financial reporting. †¢ Categorize accountingRead MoreInternational Marketing Research10714 Words   |  43 Pagesthis had their information from international marketing research been accurate. This is not an isolated case, but stems from one of the many idiosyncrasies that exist in the markets around the world. Some of the idiosyncrasies for select regions are listed in Tabl e 30.1. Table 30.1 about here In this chapter, we first define international marketing research and find out about the major players in the industry. Then, we move on to see how international market research is done, the various methods ofRead MoreIntercultural Communication21031 Words   |  85 PagesI. INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION. FRAMEWORK ...the single greatest barrier to business success is the one erected by culture. Edward T. Hall and Mildred Reed Hall Why study Intercultural Communication? Cultural diversity and multiculturalism are the realities of everyday life for almost everyone. The growth of interdependence of people and cultures in the global society of the twenty-first century has forced us to pay more attention to intercultural issues. In order to live and functionRead MoreGlobalization of South Africa8279 Words   |  34 PagesAdvantages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 5. Industries in South Africa – 5 key sectors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 6. Doing business – Global corporations in SA†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦15 7. Globalization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 8. 2010 FIFA world cup†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Part â… ¢ : Case studies 1. Best Practice†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...17 2. Worst Practice†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..18 Part â… £ : Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..... Appendix I – List of global automobile Industries in SA†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...1 Appendix II – GlobalRead MoreCorporate Governance in Banking: a Conceptual Framework9571 Words   |  39 Pagescorporate governance studies and demonstrate two complementary arguments. Firstly, we show that the assumptions of Agency Theory make it unsuitable for analysing governance in commercial banks because regulations intended to prevent systemic risk (e.g. secure the integrity of the banking system) limit the disciplinary power of market forces. Secondly, we demonstrate that the agency problem in commercial banks is structurally different from that found in other publicly listed firms. Regulation, aRead MoreThe Social Impact of Drug Abuse24406 Words   |  98 PagesNum ber 2 THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF DRUG ABUSE This study was originally prepared by UNDCP as a position paper for the World Summit for Social Development (Copenhagen, 6-12 March 1995) Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter Part one: background I. The drug problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 A. B. C. D. E. TheRead MoreEffect of Advertisement11164 Words   |  45 PagesINTRODUCTION It has been wrongly assumed that the advertising function is of recent origin. Evidences suggest that the Romans practiced advertising; but the earliest indication of its use in this country dates back to the middle Ages, when the use of the surname indicated a man’s occupation. The next stage in the evolution of advertising was the use of signs as a visual expression of the tradesman’s function and a means of locating the source of goods. This method is still in common use. TheRead MoreManaging the International Value Chain in the Automotive Industry60457 Words   |  242 Pagesandthisindustry isbecomingincreasinglycrucialintheemergingeconomiesaswell.IndiaandChinaarewell ontheirwaytobecomingleadingcentersof productionandtechnology.Theircompaniesare enteringtheglobalarenaasseriouscompetitors justasAmericanmanufacturersareshowing alarmingweakness,havingrestedfortoolong onthelaurelsoftheirearliersuccessesa ndfailingtorecognizechangesthatweretakingplace inthemarket. solelybysuchfactorsascost-savingproduction,leanprocessdesignorinnovativecapacityRead MoreStudy of Seasonality in the Indian Stock Market21577 Words   |  87 PagesF-045, MBA(FT) 2011-13 Faculty of Management Studies University of Delhi Delhi – 110007 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that this project report titled â€Å"Testing Seasonality in the Indian Stock Market†, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration, is based on my original research work under the guidance of Dr. S.K. Tuteja. The report has not been submitted elsewhere for any other purpose. All references used have been duly acknowledged

The Need for Gun Control Free Essays

Shortly after dusk, a sixteen-year-old boy stands on the street corner talking with a friend about what happened at school today between himself and another student. He nonchalantly stands there sipping his Pepsi when all of a sudden a black Honda with tinted windows drives up to the corner. The window rolls down, a voice calls out, and the boy walks up to the car. We will write a custom essay sample on The Need for Gun Control or any similar topic only for you Order Now He bends down to peer into the car to see who it is when three rounds from a .38 caliber pistol rip through his chest and neck. The other boy frantically runs off into the distance. He stumbles backwards and trips on the curb behind him and falls to the sidewalk the car speeds off into the dark alleyway across the street. The young boy struggles to breathe as he coughs up blood. He chokes to death with every effort to breathe. He dies a minute or two later. These kinds of events are all too familiar to us and perturb us as we see an increasing number of handguns fall into the hands of the young. I am shocked at the sight of these events where innocent children are being gunned down on the street because of petty little arguments over something so minuscule as a pair of shoes, a particular type of jacket, or simply just a misinterpreted look. I believe that more strict handgun regulations are a must in today’s society. I’m not saying that we have to ban handguns, but we have to take legislative measures in order to limit the possibility of handguns falling into the hands or youths. Peter Annin and Tom Morganthau state that according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniform Crime Report, murders committed by persons under the age of eighteen who were arrested jumped from 1,193 in 1985 to 2982 in 1994. [1] This report shows a substantial increase in the number of killings by people who are under the age of eighteen. Most of these people are often participants in gangs and involved with drugs. Many of these people find that guns are a much easier method to defeat his or her opponent in a quarrel. This problem is made worse by the increasing availability of guns. Residents of gang-ridden areas are afraid to leave their homes for fear that their children or themselves might fall victim to a gunshot. I believe that many people feel we need tighter control over the sale of handguns while many others believe that we shouldn’t. Many p eople say that it is a right to own firearms and handguns in this country because it is guaranteed by the second amendment of the United States Constitution. The second amendment states, â€Å"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† First of all, very few states today in the U. S. have militias because we have the five branches of the U.S. Military, the Army, Navy, Marines, Airforce, and Coast Guard. The military provides this country with enough support to fend off any war levying or belligerent nations. That is the military’s obligatory purpose today. There is no necessity for a state-run military. The U.S. Military’s purpose is to keep this land free. Second, the Bill of Rights was designed to protect the people from our government should it transcend to tyranny. These laws and rights were established in the period of colonial times when monarchies and d ictatorships were commonplace in society. Today, they’re just about non-existent except for subtle hints of them in communist governments which exist in areas such as the People’s Republic of China. We have no need to protect ourselves from the possibility of a dictatorial government materializing from our democracy because it is highly unlikely that this would occur. The United Nations, which the United States is a member of, would not allow this because their main function is to stop the spread of communism. We are not living in that era anymore and that is why I believe that guns aren’t really needed that much by civilians.As I mentioned before, I’m not suggesting that we, the people, totally ban guns. Firearms and handguns still have their recreational purpose in society. For a lot of people, the sport of hunting wild game is an enjoyable pastime and tradition that has been passed down through the ages. People have always hunted. From Paleolithic man to the Middle Ages and to the present, hunting has and provides us with food even though that same food can be purchased at the local supermarket. Other activities such as target shooting and enrollment in gun clubs are also enjoyable. They are sports, just like any other sports, that give men and women a sense of pride and satisfaction that fulfills the primitive instinct of competition in our minds.Another important argument among civilians of the country is that if more restrictions on firearms and handguns are passed, this would gradually lead to a total ban on all guns sometime in the future. In an article written by Robert J. Blendon, John T. Young, and David Hemenway, they include a Gallup/CNN/USA Today poll which shows how gun owners, non-owners, and the nation as a whole were surveyed. Sixty-five percent of all people, including owners of guns and non-owners, believe that stricter legislation would gradually lead to a total ban on all guns. In addition, a majority of gun ow ners, approximately fifty-five percent, believe that these laws would violate the second amendment of the U. S. Constitution while non-owners don not believe this. The survey was asking about how stricter laws would reduce certain aspects related to guns. The national figure is sixty-nine percent for those who believe that stricter laws would reduce the number of people killed by guns in arguments. Sixty-eight percent of the nation believe that laws would reduce the number of accidental deaths and suicides attributed to guns. Fifty-eight percent of the nation agrees that more laws would reduce violent crime. However, in both cases of owners and non-owners, the difference of agreement is over twenty percentage points in favor of non-gun owners. [2] I certainly agree that stricter legislation would definitely reduce the number of gun-related deaths and that if handguns were restricted from the hands of minors and criminals, the rate and recidivism rate, the rate of repeat offenders, o f violent crime would be reduced. I believe that we need more strict laws to curb some of the violent crime that is being committed by America’s youth. I also believe that the National Rifle Association of America (NRA) will not let the government ban all firearms since the NRA is the biggest lobbyist in the gun control debate today because it has so many active members. Finally, most people feel that they need handguns for protection of their property and themselves. I believe that protection of your own property, such as you home, is perfectly fine, but if you carry a gun around for protection, that can become dangerous. For example, gang members who carry guns are an enormous threat to others. If someone should irritate or annoy them, they might possibly resort to using his or her gun on that person. Innocent children and bystanders could fall victim to a stray bullet. Minor arguments could erupt into bloodshed on the street corner or in a dark alleyway. Other people are a lso a possible threat, especially to police officers. If for some reason, a gun-toting civilian was pulled over for a traffic violation, that person could decide to shoot that police officer in an attempt to get away. This would cause major problems in society. Another thing is that people under the influence of drugs or alcohol might use their guns on somebody without reason because of impaired reasoning and judgment associated with inebriation. Now I’m not saying every person would be and is like that, but there are some people that are. I believe that this presents a danger to society and why handgun access and sales should be restricted. I believe that we need tougher legislation on handguns. Citizens should be registered for each and every gun he or she owns and that they should be obligated to pay a high fee for that registration. Also, juveniles and convicted felons that have already served time should not be permitted to purchase or possess and handgun. I believe that if someone who has purchased a handgun, should be required by federal law to take a safety and training course in order to lawfully possess a handgun. This course would be directed by the federal government and would ensure that a handgun purchaser’s record would be checked out. This country should have tougher laws in order to restrict handgun access and sale. I’m not saying this will work, but it will be a step forward in the direction of effective gun control. If we and the government can work together on it, we can slowly minimize the problem and keep guns out of the wrong hands. Bibliography [1] Annin, Peter; Morganthau, Tom. â€Å"The lull before the storm?† Newsweek 4 December 1995 [2] Blendon, Robert J.; Hemenway, David; Young, John T. â€Å"The American public and the gun control debate† The Journal of the American Medical Association 12 June 1996 [3]  Historical Perspective:  http://essaylab.com/blog/gun-control How to cite The Need for Gun Control, Papers

Performance of Nurses Role of Health

Question: Describe about the Performance of Nurses for the Role of Health. Answer: The purpose of this standard acts as a framework to assess the performance of the nurses. These standards are practiced by the nurses to reflect their role in a health setting and are used as the benchmark for assessing the practice competencies. For example, In the case of Mr. Smythe EN has practiced the standard of enhancing the safety of the individuals by creating allergy alert. She has also demonstrated reporting, documentation and communication that was timely and accurate (Makaroff et al. 2014). The benefit of practicing open disclosure includes promotion of the culture of safety and quality. The harm of open disclosure includes a chance of legal action that can be taken by the patient against the medical negligence. Mr. Smythe may or may not benefit from the information of near miss of error as it may affect the therapeutic relationship and create trust issues. On the other hand, if the patient had the good rapport with the doctor previously may consider the error positively (Kalra and Baniak 2013). Yes discussing the near miss of error with Mr. Smythe fall within the scope of practice as the per the competency standards EN must engage in emphatic communication with the care providers, patients and their families and others involved in the care provision. The duty of care in both cases was the obligation to avoid any harm to the patient. There was a breach of care as Mr. Smythe was allergic to Cephalexin, in spite of which he was ordered for administration of this antibiotic due to exchange of pathology records Yes, the EN was acting within the scope of practice as she informed the RN skillfully about the health and functional status of the patients and ensured communication as well as timely documentation of the medical records (Nursing and Council 2013). The legal requirements for documents are as follows Proper spelling and grammar and flagships to be used to avoid confusion when patients have similar names Documentation should be done in chronological order, must be precise and legible Each entry on the document should contain signature and title, of nurses for accountability Non-committal documentation should be avoided and mention only relevant information Documents should maintain the integrity (Scruth 2014) In the above scenario, RN as maintained the code of safety and competency by prescribing Cephalexin 500mg which helps minimize the risk of bacterial infection. This was safe action as Mr. Smith was diabetic and had increased a risk of wound breakdown. However, in a case of Mr. Smythe, there was no flagship due to similar names which have led to the error. At the time of surgery, there was a serious error where a doctor has handed Mr. Smith's pathology request and Medication order for surgery of Mr. Smythe. Safety was ensured by placing an allergy alert band on Smythes wrist. Mr. Smith has given expressed consent (Jose and Dufrene 2014) for BGL test by holding his hand out for finger prick test, which indicates he voluntarily agreed to the test. The practitioner has not complied with the code of cultural safety as the RN has received Mr. Smith's pathology request and Medication order for surgery of Mr. Smythe. Therefore, he will be administered Cephalexin 500mg despite being allergic to it. However, nurses supported the clients cultural beliefs by using allergy alert band on his wrist. The enrolled nurse has applied the standard 1.8 in the scenario by informing RN Jones that neither of the clients having similar names and date of birth has been flagged at the time of the admission. Further, the EN has notified all the staff by placing an alert on each client as well as on their medical records. Mr. Smythe was allergic to Cephalexin so EN has placed an allergy alert band on his wrist for ensuring safe outcomes. In this scenario, the EN has complied with the standard 1.8 by recognizing and addressing the risk protection needs of the patients. The EN should have made the theater staff aware of Mr. Smythes cultural and religious background in addition to the medication alert on the chart (Fagan et al. 2016). It would have prevented administration of Cephalexin as MR. Smythe was allergic. The EN should have used pseudonyms on the pathology request forms of both patients to prevent it from an exchange. It would also have maintained the confidentiality of the patients records. The EN has demonstrated interpersonal skills by placing allergy band on the wrist of MR. Smythe to notify all the staff about his allergy to Cephalexin. However, there was no notification or alert given to the staff for his request of avoiding narcotic analgesia, as he preferred to meditate to relieve pain. The EN has demonstrated oral communication skills by reporting to RN Jones about the similarity in names and date of birth of both the patients. The EN has demonstrated written communication skills by pacing an alert on the medical records of each client to avoid confusion regarding the names. Yes, I would alert her about the near miss of medication error as I believe in a disclosure of mistakes fully and apologize for harm and inconvenience caused despite the complex emotional and ethical issues associated with it. According to Arnold and Boggs (2015), a culture of safety and quality can be promoted by creating an atmosphere of honesty and openness. References Arnold, E.C. and Boggs, K.U., 2015.Interpersonal relationships: Professional communication skills for nurses. Elsevier Health Sciences. Fagan, A., Parker, V., and Jackson, D., 2016. A concept analysis of undergraduate nursing students was speaking up for patient safety in the patient care environment.Journal of Advanced Nursing. Jose, M.M., and Dufrene, C., 2014. Educational competencies and technologies for disaster preparedness in undergraduate nursing education: An integrative review.Nurse education today,34(4), pp.543-551. Kalra, J., Kalra, N. and Baniak, N., 2013. Medical error, disclosure and patient safety: A global view of quality care.Clinical biochemistry,46(13), pp.1161-1169. Makaroff, K.S., Storch, J., Pauly, B. and Newton, L., 2014. Searching for ethical leadership in nursing.Nursing ethics, p.0969733013513213. Nursing, A. and Council, M., 2013. National Competency Standards for the Midwife, 2006. Truth, E.A., 2014. Quality Nursing Documentation in the Medical Record.Clinical Nurse Specialist,28(6), pp.312-314.